Turbine-governing mechanism.



PATENTED MAR. 12. 1907.. J. WILKINSON. TURBINE GOVERNING MECHANISM.

A PPLIOATION II LEI) JULY 16. 1906.

2 slums-sum 1.

No. 846,538. PATENTED MAR. 12, 1907.

N J. WILKINSON.

TURBINE GOVERNING MECHANISM.

'APPLIGATION PILEI JULY 16, 1906.

2 sums-sum 2.

Snoen'ioz 529 James I'M/12760 glow wows I k WM m attoznaq UNITED STATES:

JAMES WILKINSON, or PROVIDENCE 'KINSON} TURBINE COMPANY, A

TURBINE-GOVERNING 'mgcHAmsm.

Specification of Letters Patent. 7

PATENT OFFICE.

RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO CORPORATION OF ALABAMA.

Patented March 12, 1907.

Application filed. July 1 6,1906. serinno. 326,466.

To all whom it may concern; Be it known that I, JAMES WILKINSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Provi dence, in the coimty of Providence and State 1 of Rhode Island, have invented new and useful Improvements in Turbine-Governing Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in governing mechanism for elastic-fluid turines and is adapted to produce an intermittent governed cut-off of the supply of motor fluid after the fashion described in my I pending application, Serial No. 136,229.

' centric for the cam One purpose of my invention is to improve and perfect the governing mechanism described and claimed in a pending application, Serial No. 288,779, by substituting an ecmotion and simplifying the arrangement of governor-shifted links or rigging, so as to reduce frictionand lost motion and positively connect the variousparts,

My invention also involves certain improve- 'ments in the design of the nozzlecontro ller element and its cooperating parts, the object of which is to improve the action of the jet.

The foregoing and other detailed improvements are illustrated in a preferred form in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows the speed-governor and eccentric-valve rigging in elevation connected up to my improved controller-nozzle, shown sectionin a turbine-supply head broken away to show the supply-nozzles and the der certain conditions.

pletecycle of actionwlth an eccentric 1 eces-,

valves therefor. Fig. 2 is a similar view with the several parts in their valve-open position for full-load conditions.

' Similar reference-numerals refer to similar parts throughout the drawings.

Acconding to my proposed method of regulation I provide a controller mechanism which will hold. the several nozzle valves fully open under heavy load conditions, intermittently open for governedperiods underlighter load conditions. and fully closed un- To obtain this comsitates the interposition of a governor-controlled means for the purposeof introducing a variable in the relative positioning of the controller device and its eccentric-actuator, thus enabling the latter to-exert an effective I controhof the valve or nozzle throughout the exerting its controlling complete cycle of its revolution. This governor action does not vary the length of the uniform stroke with relation to the ports'or similar devices with which it cooperates in function. on the sup ply-valves for the turbine. Such a cycle of satory regulation of an impact-turbine.

have shown my invention as appliedtoa turbine having a supply-head 1, provided and a' with one or more valveechambers -controller-chamber 3, which are supplied and are adapted to discharge the fluid Controller-fluid pressure is supplied to the cylinders 9 above the valvepistons by a common conduit 12,- which leads irom an annular channel 13, surrounding the lower end of a casing 14, seated pres sure tight in the controller-chamber 3. A

which fluid-pressure fiows i'rom an annular supply-groove 16 around the controllerchamber, through the nozzle 15, and is discharged through an annular jet-orifice, provided near the lower end of said nozzle, in a laterally-flowing annular jet. An annular groove 17 in the casing 14 has orts 18, which open into the channel 13. The jet is according toits position in-said groove, and thereby to control the pressure in said groove and channel 13, and accordingly troller-conduit 12.

sponds substantially with the disclosure in my pendin application, Serial No. 288,779.

The contro ler-nozzle in my present invention has its flaring jetpassage inchned controller-'nozzles travel nor the period of its occurrence, but acts merely tovary the position of the nozzle at either extreme of its operation is requisite to produce the ideal pul with motor fluid from any suitable source i through nozzles 4 'against a bucket-wheel 5 in the turbine. Areciprocating valve 6 is guide 8, which work in a cylin- 1n the head, closed-by a cham-.

adapted to act with injector or ejector effect,

in the con- A spring 11 tends to seat ;.the valve governor-shifted reciprocatory-jet-nozzle 15 moves pressure-tight within casing 14, both nozzle and casing having ports through As thus .far described my invention corredownwardly, so as to discharge a coneshaped jet in the direction of the incline of the jet.

have a slight clearance from the wall of the. casing 14. To form the annular jet-orifice" end of the chamber in the controller-nozzle.

.stem'21.

the wall at the lower end of the casing 14. Also the groove 17' in the casing is disposed above the channel 13, so that the connectingports 18 lead in the direction of the flow of the jet. The jet-orifice stands flush with the cylindrical side body of the controller-nozzle,

which is of uniform .diameter throughout except for an annular groove 19 just above the jet-orifice, which groove is slightlygreater inwidth than the length of the nozzlesoscillatory travel and gradually deepens until at its outer edge it curves up suddenly to the side wall of the nozzle. The purpose of this construction, as best seen in Fig. 2, is to provide for a free exhaust from the groove 17, due to the ejector action of The outer'lip of the jet-orifice may for the inner end of the nozzle 15 and is provided with a threaded central opening by means of which it isv screwed onto the nozzle- The cone-shaped portion of the valve enters the nozzle and forms, with the flaring wall thereof, an annular inclined jet orifice, which may be disposed at any angle other than at right angles to the axis of its travel, preferably so as to discharge the jet at an acute angle to such axis. The stem 21 is shouldered at 22, so as to engage the outer face of a head-plate, which closes the upper Thin spacing-partitions 23, integral with the nozzleiece, engage the valve, so that when 'screwe against them both valve and headlate 22 are heldin position. The stem 21 1s shown provided with a stop, against which the valve\is adapted to be screwed to take any strain from the partitions 23. A passage 24 leads through this stem and permits the pressure to equalize itself above and below the nozzle for balancing purposes. The valve-2O has a cylindrical side face, which byengagement with a narrow annular 'portion between the inner ed e of the groove 17 and the tapering inner end wall of the casing 14, which merges into the bowl 25,serves to valve off the jet fluid from the latter bow and the nozzle-passage leading therefrom into the turbine. The width of this valving-' face of the controller-nozzle corresponds with the length of the eccentries stroke, Under certain conditions, therefore, as seen in Fig. 1, this will effectively valve off the ct fluid from the bowl 25 throughout the com- ,tension 31 of the block 29.

seasss plete oscillatory travel of the jet-nozzle. As

the valving end of the jet-nozzleis moved by the stroke of the eccentric into the bowl 25 the ejector effect of the jet, by means of the groove 19, takes full and instant effect to exhaust. the controller fluid from above the the blocks 10, which ports lead from the cylinder to a groove 27, surrounding the block and in cinnmunication with the controllerconduit 12. The nozzle-stem passes out through a gland 28 in the head-block 29, which closes the outer end of the chamber 3', and is connected to a cross-head 30, which slides in ways formed in an overhanging ex- An arm 32, swivelly connected to the erosshead, is pivoted by 'a stud 33 to an arm .34, which at its other end surrounds an eccentric 35 for oscillating the. jet nozzle. The eccentric is mounted on a shaft 36, driven, preferably, at a slow rate of speed by the turbine. A link 37, pivotally connected to the stud 33, is in turn swiveled to the longer arm of a bellcrank lever 38, mounted on a journal 39, and coupled up, by means of a short adjustable rod 40 and the pivoted arm 41, to the sliding collar 42 of a centrifugal speed-governor 43. The governor is driven by a shaft 44,Wliich receives motion through speed-reducing transmission devices from the turbine-shaft, (not shown,) and moves in a bearing 45,

which carries the standard 46, to which arm 41 is'pi'votally connected. The latter arm is also pivotally connected, by means of the journal-stud 47, to the governor-collar 42 and moves therewith torock the bell-crank 38 and by means of link 37 to adjust the angular relation of the eccentric toggle-arms 32 and 34. The distance of the controller-nozzle from the eccentric increases as the governor causes the angle between the eccentric toggle-arms to vanish, thereby changing the position of the nozzle'relative to the casing] 14,. in which the jet is being oscillated by the eccentric.

- In operation as the governor speeds upv under a friction-load the arm 41 is raised and the eccentric toggle-arms adjusted to draw the controller-nozzle outwardly, so that, as seen in Fig. 1, the jet throughout its oscillatory travel discharges into the groove 16, the valve 20 acting to valve the fluid off from the bowl 25. As load is thrown on the governor gradually decreases the angle befl tween. the eccentric toggle-arms until the valve120 intermittently clears 1ts seat and.

the jet during gradually-increasing portions of its oscillations discharges directly into the bowl 25, thereby alternately injecting and ejecting fluid-pressure to and from the valvecylinders to open the valves 6'for gradually-- increasing periods.

At maximum load the jet throughout its travel continuously dis-- charges into the bowl 25, acting, asseen in of adjustment forthe controller-nozzle re for transmitting eccentric tosaid controller-nozzle, speed-rethe turbine-supply,

sponsive to a minimum travel of the governor-collar. Y The angular direction of flow of the jethas been found to relieve all side thrust of the controller-nozzle, which might cause it to lag or retard the action. of the governor. I

The combined governing apparatus per forms its controlling functions without waste offluid-pressure and in a positive and direct manner. It is adapted for use with any type of turbine having one or a greater number of supply-valves to be controlled. Also the governor-nozzle alone may be used as the supply for small-sized turbines. In place of a toggle the governor may transmit its motion by rockin an eccentric that is linked to the middle 0 the valve-toggle. Various other modifications may be made within the scope of- Hiy invention.

What I claim isi 1. In a controller mechanism for turbines, a controller-nozzle, an eccentric, toggle arms oscillatory motion from said s-ponsivemeans to vary the angle between 'said arms, and a valve controlled by fluid acted upon by said nozzle.

2. In a controller nleGhtlhlSIIl-IDI turbines, a controller device acting upon a port-ion of fluid acted upon by said device, an operating-stem for said device, an eccentric, togglearms connecting said eccentric and stem, and a link pivotally connected to said arms'and operatively connected to a speed-responsive device.

v 3. In a controller mechanism for turbines, fluid-controlled supply-valves, a conduit for the controller-fluid, a controller device which is adapted to admit fluid-pressure to and eject it fromsaid conduit, and means to fluctuatc the pressure in said conduit comprising an eccentric, and means to impart uniform movements therefrom to said device, in combination with a speed-responsive device and means controlled thereby to vary the length of the transmission means between said-ec-.

centricand device.

4. In a fluid-controller mechanism' for valves, a speed-responsive controller device comprising an annular valve adjacent to a jet-orifice, a port cooperating with said jetply-port for admitting fluid to said orifice, an

a valve controlledby the I an annular seat for said valve, a sup-- j exhaust-port which is closed by said valve as said orifice discharges. fluid into said port, and means to oscillate said controller device, said jet being ada ted to eject fluid from said port when said exhaustort is open. j

5. In a fluid-,eo'ntro ler mechanism for valves, a controller-chamber, 'a controller device which fits therein as a valve, a port leadfice in said device, a groove on one side ofsaid orifice and a valving-face terminating at said orifice on the other side thereof, means tosup ly fluidto said orifice, an exhaust for and one or more valves controlled by the action of the fluid in said port in the chamber.

comprising a controller fluid chamber, a con troller device therein provided with a j et-ori fice and a valving portion, a fluid-pressure supply acted upon by said device in said fluid in said chamber, said jet and valve 00- operating to move an vhold said supplyvalve closed and sai djet acting with an ejector effect to cause said supply-valve to move in the other direction, and a port trol of said device. t

7. In combination with a fluid-motor having one or more fluid -pressure -controlled valves, a controller mechanism for said valves to control the pressure of the valve-controlling fluid. 1

8. In combination with a fluid-motor, one or more fluid pressure controlled valves,

responsive to a controller-fluid pressure, and means" to produce fluctuations in said latter pressure which comprises a vibratory controller device utilizing a fluid-jet to produce pressure-waves, and a valve to produce a constant pressure.

9. In a motor, one or more fluid-pressurecontrolled valves, a controller device therefor comprising a cylindrical body, a narrow pe ripheral jet-orifice insaid body which is smooth but for a groove to one side of said orifice, a chamber inwhich said device seats pressure-tight, a supply-port at one end of said chamber, an enlarged exhaust-port at the other into which said chamber opens, and a valve-controlling fluid-conduit leading from a point adjacent to said exhaust-port.

10. In a motor, one or more fluid-pressurecontrolled valves, device for discharging a wide thin jet of fluid at an angle to the line of travel of said device and in the direction of the fluids exhaust, an

operating with said jet for controlling the operation of said'valve or valves.

11. In a turbine-controlling apparatus utilizing a fluid jet to produce a variable 6. A controller mechanism for a turbinethrough which fluid exhausts under the. conutilizing a reciprocatory valve and fluid -jet ing from the side of said chamber, a jet-orisaid uid controlled by said valving-face,

chamber, a supply-valve controlled bythe a means to effect the operation of said'valves a reciprocatory controller exhaust-opening for said fluid, and means co-' charge fl'uid in a thin laterally-fiowing-jet at 4 an angle other. than a right angle to its line of travel, said fluid flowing from all sides of said nozzle so as to balance it, and means responsive to said jet which vary the fluid-supply t0 the turbine. a y

14. In a turbine, a supply-valve, an annular operating-piston therefor, a cylinder, a controller-fluid conduit surrounding said cylinder and provided with a plurality of.ports' adapted to admit' the fluid uniformly to said annular piston.

a 15. In a turbine, a supply-valve, a fluidmotor therefor comprising a cylinder, a chambered head therefor, an annular piston, a

guide connected to said piston and adapted to enter the chamber in said head, a controller-fiuid passage surrounding said head, and

chamber 1 16. In a turbine-controller mechanism, a.

plurality of valves having annular pistons and cylinders, and 'a common controller-fluid c0nduit=which connects with a ring of pressure supply and exhaust ports entering each cylinder. 9

17 In a turbine-controller mechanism, a controller devicecomprising a jet-orifice and a valve; means to impart uniform oscillations to said device said valve having an effective surface substantially equal in length to the oscillatory movements thereof, and a narrow seat for said valve interposing between a port toreceive the impact eifect of said jet and an exhaust-port for said jet fluid In testimony whereofI have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

. JAMES WILKINSON.

'Witnesses HENRY B. CONGDON,

JOHN E. DEVRON. 

